CHINA: XINJIANG'S ISMAILIS CUT OFF FROM INTERNATIONAL ISMAILI COMMUNITY

 

 By Igor Rotar, Forum 18 News Service

 

 The tens of thousands of Ismaili Muslims of the Tajik Autonomous

 District in China's north western Xinjiang-Uighur Autonomous Region are

 isolated from their fellow-Ismailis across the border in Tajikistan and

 elsewhere in the world, Forum 18 News Service found on a visit to

 Xinjiang between 8 and 10 September. There is only one Ismaili mosque

 functioning in the Tajik Autonomous District, in the district capital

 Tashkurgan, whose imam was appointed by the Chinese secular authorities.

 

 The imam-hatyb of Tashkurgan's Ismaili mosque, Shakar Mamader, admitted

 to Forum 18 on 9 September that under Chinese law children are forbidden

 from attending the mosque up to the age of 18. He also admitted that the

 Chinese authorities do not allow the Fourth Aga Khan (the Ismaili

 spiritual leader) to offer any aid to the Tajik Autonomous District.

 However, Mamader believes "there is absolutely no need for such help as

 the central government provides very substantial funding to the region".

 He stressed that the Fourth Aga Khan had visited the region in 1980.

 

 Mamader also declared that Ismaili preachers and clerics from

 neighbouring Pakistan (Tashkurgan is situated 100 kilometres or 60 miles

 from the checkpoint at the Chinese-Pakistan border) do not work in

 China. He believes there is no need for them to do so. "We have enough

 of our own experts on Ismailism," he insisted. However, other local

 Ismailis who preferred not to be named told Forum 18 that Pakistani

 Ismaili clerics are not allowed to preach on Chinese territory.

 Xinjiang's Ismaili community has no contact with Tajik Ismailis as there

 is not one checkpoint on the Chinese-Tajik border.

 

 The Tajik Autonomous District is situated in the eastern Pamir mountains

 and borders Pakistan and Tajikistan's Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous

 Region. There are about 50,000 people living in the Tajik Autonomous

 District identified as Tajiks in the Chinese census. However, these

 people can be called Tajiks only in the broadest sense. The Sarikoli and

 Wakhi Chinese Pamir nationalities, as well as the Tajik, Pakistani and

 Afghan Pamir nationalities who live in Chinese Pamir, speak languages

 belonging to the Eastern Iranian language group, whereas Tajik is linked

 to Western Iranian.

 

 Unlike the Tajik Sunni Muslims, the Pamir nationalities practise

 Ismailism

 - a branch of Shia Islam which bears the clear influence of Buddhism and

 neo-Platonism. The current Aga Khan is the 49th hereditary imam of the

 worldwide Ismaili community. In contrast to other Muslims who pray five

 times a day, the Ismailis recite prayers only twice a day. They do not

 observe the Ramadan fast, nor do they ban the consumption of alcohol.

 

 Externally, the villages of Chinese Pamir are virtually

 indistinguishable from the villages of Tajik Pamir. For example, the

 homes have an almost identical structure - the interior of the building

 has to have five columns, a number of sacred significance for Ismailis.

 However, there are substantial differences in the religious life of the

 Ismailis of the Chinese and Tajik Pamir.

 

 In contrast to the ban on aid to the Ismailis of Xinjiang, the Aga Khan

 gives so much aid to the population of Tajikistan's Gorno-Badakhshan

 Autonomous Region that this area depends on his financial support. The

 headquarters of the Mountain Societies Development Support Programme,

 which the Aga Khan funds, has opened in the city of Khorog, the capital

 of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region. A similar office operates in

 the city of Osh in southern Kyrgyzstan, from where shipments of aid are

 dispatched by road to Tajikistan.

 

 On 30 August the Tajik president Emomali Rahmonov laid the foundation

 stone for a new Ismaili Centre in the Tajik capital Dushanbe. In his

 remarks at the ceremony, the Aga Khan said the new centre would be "a

 place for contemplation, upliftment and the search for spiritual

 enlightenment".

 (END)

 

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